Tuesday, May 7, 2013

Lecture Notes : Spleen

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- Blood Flow to the spleen is 300 ml/min
                        the liver is 1600 ml/min
                        the tow kidneys is 1100 ml/min
                        the brain is 750 ml/min

- Spleen is very soft and easly rupture during sugery .
- How you can identify the splenic artery during surgery ?
          it will be tortorous lie above the upper border of pancrease
- Common organe is rupture due to blunt trauma is Liver while the common organe is rupture due to penetrating trauma is Small Intestine . ( according to recent study )
- The comments benign tumer of the spleen is Hemangioma
- The comments tumer which cause spleenomegally is Lymphoma
- congenital abnormalities of the spleen are
1- abscence of the spleen
2- splenunculi
3- Hamartoma
4- Splenic cyst

- the common cyst of the spleen is Pseudocyst ( 4 times more than true cyst )
- in a case of splenic hematoma due to rupture spleen , what you can do ?
do Nothing , because if you drainge the hematoma you will rupture the capsule and stop the tamponad effect and cause rebleeding .

- Pregnant women presented with sudden sever abdomenal pain and shock >> think about spleic atrery aneurysm .

- Predisposing factors for splenic infarction are
1- massive enlagrment
2- sickle cell disease
3- myeloproliferative syndrome
4- embolism

- the splenic infarction looks like a traingle its base on the surface of spleen .

- causes of massive huge splenomegally are 
1- CML
2- Myelofibrosis
3- Malaria
4- Kala-azar ( Visceral leishmaniasis)

- Hypersplenism is a syndrome of 
1- splenomegally
2- pancytopenia
3- hyperactive BM

- Indecations of splenectomy :
1- trauma ( comments ) > ITP > hypersplenism
2- part of other operations
3- staging of Hodjkens lymphoma
4- Hematological : ITP , hypersplenism , H.spherocytosis
5- in association with shunt operation

- Complication of splenectomy are :
 1- Hemorrhage .  ( highly vascular organe )
2- Leucocytosis and thrombocytosis 
3- overwhelming sepsis
4- gastric and pancreatic fistula

- overwhelming sepsis occure in splecectomized pateint due to blood diesaes more than trauma

- the patient must receive pneumovax 2 weeks before surgery as a prophylaxis to sepsis .


1 comment:

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